Abstract

When destructive natural disasters occur, emergency rescue operations become very crucial for saving innumerable lives. Several humans, who are entrapped in the damaged regions under crumbled buildings or landslides may get bigger chances for survival in case their rescue is done within "Golden 72 Hours". People displaced from their homes that are crushed in highways or dome shelters have to be in touch with one another for different reasons. But, communication systems become generally out of order owing to multiple causes. The loss in the communication systems makes the rescue operation very hard. Several people die before there is a chance for their rescue. This research work targets at discussing the different disaster management strategies, which can be utilized by the primary responders and the public to reduce the effects of a catastrophe. The different Emergency communication systems for disaster management that are studied in this research work are WiFi, Peer to Peer (P2P), Cellular networks and satellite. Wireless sensor network (WSN) and Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) are implemented in the disaster sites for performing local communication and information gathering. In order to have communication with the remote disaster-free regions, satellite gateway is utilized for the local networks to interlink with the satellite mobile network.

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